Coronary Artery Bypass
Bypass surgery may be necessary
increase blood flow to the heart. During this surgery, a vein is removed from
the person’s leg and is used as a detour around the blocked portion of the
affected coronary branch or branches. The surgeon therefore constructs an
alternate route for the blood.
Another bypass method is in which
the internal mammary artery is linked to the coronary artery. Three or four
coronary branches can be bypassed during the same surgery. As the grafts are
from the patient’s own body there is none of the rejection problems associated
with heart transplant. Most patients undergoing a coronary artery bypass
surgery, experience relief from their symptoms.
Bypass surgery usually requires a
week’s stay in the hospital and another three mothers for complete recovery.
Remember, surgery is not a cure for atherosclerosis. It is just a mechanical
correction. To prevent atherosclerosis in your new artery reduce your risk
factors. This can help you slow down the progression of coronary artery
disease.Robotically- assisted Endoscopic Heart Surgery
A three armed robot is placed
approximately 8 feet from the patient. Three small incisions are made between
the ribs. Two for insertion of inter changeable instruments and another for a
thin cylindrical video camera. The surgeon manipulates the surgical instruments
with the help of a computer. An endoscope is passed through a tiny incision in
the chest wall, and two surgical instruments are passed through additional
small incisions. The surgeon views the image provided by the endoscope on a
computer screen. The surgeon manipulates them via a computer console. The computer
interprets the surgeon’s hand movements and causes the surgical instruments to
respond accordingly.
This technique has been limited
to single bypass grafts in the left anterior descending coronary artery. The
LAD is located on the front of the heart, and therefore is relatively
accessible. It is predicted that with advances in technology, multiple grafts
with robotic assistance will be possible.
Robotic procedures have been
successfully performed, for instance, in mitral valve repair, in repairing
atrial septal defects and in repairing patent ductus arterious. With
technological advancements, robotic procedures will be applied to most other
forms of heart surgery.
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